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Thyroid disorders involve the malfunctioning of the thyroid gland, a small butterfly-shaped gland in the neck that regulates your metabolism, energy levels, and overall hormonal balance. Evaluation involves clinical examination, blood tests, imaging, and sometimes biopsy to identify the underlying issue.
Hypothyroidism – Underactive thyroidHyperthyroidism – Overactive thyroidGoiter – Enlarged thyroid glandThyroid Nodules – Lumps or growths in the thyroidThyroid Cancer – Malignant tumors in the glandMedical Management – Hormone replacement for hypothyroidism or medications to suppress hyperthyroidismRadioactive Iodine Therapy – Used to shrink an overactive thyroid or nodulesThyroid Surgery (Thyroidectomy) – Partial or complete removal of the thyroid gland, typically recommended for large goiters, nodules, or cancerAutoimmune diseases (like Hashimoto’s or Graves’ disease)Iodine deficiencyGenetic predispositionInfections or inflammationRadiation exposureSudden weight changesFatigue or weaknessSwelling in the neckHair thinningRapid or irregular heartbeatDifficulty swallowing or breathingRegular checkups and thyroid function tests, especially if you have a family historyAdequate iodine intakeAvoiding unnecessary radiation exposurePrompt treatment of early symptoms to avoid complications